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Compare Georgia (2001) - New Caledonia (2004)

Compare Georgia (2001) z New Caledonia (2004)

 Georgia (2001)New Caledonia (2004)
 GeorgiaNew Caledonia
Administrative divisions 53 rayons (raionebi, singular - raioni), 9 cities* (k'alak'ebi, singular - k'alak'i), and 2 autonomous republics** (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika); Abashis, Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika** (Sokhumi), Adigenis, Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika** (Bat'umi), Akhalgoris, Akhalk'alak'is, Akhalts'ikhis, Akhmetis, Ambrolauris, Aspindzis, Baghdat'is, Bolnisis, Borjomis, Chiat'ura*, Ch'khorotsqus, Ch'okhatauris, Dedop'listsqaros, Dmanisis, Dushet'is, Gardabanis, Gori*, Goris, Gurjaanis, Javis, K'arelis, Kaspis, Kharagaulis, Khashuris, Khobis, Khonis, K'ut'aisi*, Lagodekhis, Lanch'khut'is, Lentekhis, Marneulis, Martvilis, Mestiis, Mts'khet'is, Ninotsmindis, Onis, Ozurget'is, P'ot'i*, Qazbegis, Qvarlis, Rust'avi*, Sach'kheris, Sagarejos, Samtrediis, Senakis, Sighnaghis, T'bilisi*, T'elavis, T'erjolis, T'et'ritsqaros, T'ianet'is, Tqibuli*, Ts'ageris, Tsalenjikhis, Tsalkis, Tsqaltubo*, Vanis, Zestap'onis, Zugdidi*, Zugdidis

note:
administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.59% (male 498,575; female 478,663)

15-64 years:
67.91% (male 1,632,338; female 1,755,910)

65 years and over:
12.5% (male 241,824; female 381,975) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 29.4% (male 32,076; female 30,772)


15-64 years: 64.3% (male 69,150; female 68,310)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 6,259; female 7,112) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products citrus, grapes, tea, vegetables, potatoes; livestock vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products
Airports 31 (2000 est.) 25 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
16

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 11


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
15

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
6 (2000 est.)
total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.)
Area total:
69,700 sq km

land:
69,700 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Carolina slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Russian troops remain garrisoned at four military bases and as peacekeepers in the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia (but are scheduled to withdraw from two of the bases by July 2001). Despite a badly degraded transportation network - brought on by ethnic conflict, criminal activities, and fuel shortages - the country continues to move toward a market economy and greater integration with Western institutions. Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s has dissipated.
Birth rate 11.18 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 18.98 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$437 million

expenditures:
$626 million, including capital expenditures of $60 million (1999)
revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
Capital T'bilisi Noumea
Climate warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
Coastline 310 km 2,254 km
Constitution adopted 17 October 1995 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Georgia

local long form:
none

local short form:
Sak'art'velo

former:
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
Currency lari (GEL) Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003
Death rate 14.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $1.9 billion (2000) $79 million (1998 est.)
Dependency status - overseas territory of France since 1956
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Kenneth S. YALOWITZ

embassy:
#25 Antoneli Street, T'bilisi 380026

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[995] (32) 989-967/68

FAX:
[995] (32) 933-759
none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Tedo JAPARIDZE

chancery:
Suite 300, 1615 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-2390

FAX:
[1] (202) 393-4537
none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international none Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu
Economic aid - recipient $212.7 million (1995) $880 million annual subsidy from France (1998)
Economy - overview Georgia's economy has traditionally revolved around Black Sea tourism; cultivation of citrus fruits, tea, and grapes; mining of manganese and copper; and output of a small industrial sector producing wine, metals, machinery, chemicals, and textiles. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. Its only sizable internal energy resource is hydropower. Despite the severe damage the economy has suffered due to civil strife, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 1995, increasing GDP growth and slashing inflation. The Georgian economy continues to experience large budget deficits due to a failure to collect tax revenues. Georgia also still suffers from energy shortages; it privatized the distribution network in 1998, and deliveries are steadily improving. The country is pinning its hopes for long-term recovery on the development of an international transportation corridor through the key Black Sea ports of P'ot'i and Bat'umi. The growing trade deficit, continuing problems with tax evasion and corruption, and political uncertainties cloud the short-term economic picture. New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.
Electricity - consumption 7.117 billion kWh (1999) 1.5 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 850 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 550 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 7.975 billion kWh (1999) 1.613 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
20.38%

hydro:
79.62%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mt'a Mqinvartsveri (Gora Kazbek) 5,048 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
Environment - current issues air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Georgian 70.1%, Armenian 8.1%, Russian 6.3%, Azeri 5.7%, Ossetian 3%, Abkhaz 1.8%, other 5% Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
Exchange rates lari per US dollar - 1.9798 (December 2000), 1.9762 (2000), 2.0245 (1999), 1.3898 (1998), 1.2975 (1997), 1.2628 (1996) Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 105.73 (2003), 126.72 (2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2005)

election results:
Eduard SHEVARDNADZE reelected president; percent of vote - Eduard SHEVARDNADZE 80%
chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions
Exports $372 million (2000 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities citrus fruits, tea, wine, other agricultural products; diverse types of machinery and metals; chemicals; fuel reexports; textiles ferronickels, nickel ore, fish
Exports - partners Russia 19%, Turkey 16%, Azerbaijan 8%, Armenia 6% (1999) Japan 21.8%, France 19.2%, Taiwan 14%, Spain 11%, South Korea 8.5%, Australia 7.2%, Italy 5.1% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description maroon field with small rectangle in upper hoist side corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white below the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $22.8 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $3.158 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
32%

industry:
23%

services:
45% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,600 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.9% (2000 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 42 00 N, 43 30 E 21 30 S, 165 30 E
Geography - note - consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls
Heliports - 6 (2003 est.)
Highways total:
33,900 km

paved:
29,500 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather)

unpaved:
4,400 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)
total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for opiates via Central Asia to Western Europe and Russia -
Imports $898 million (2000 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities fuel, grain and other foods, machinery and parts, transport equipment machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners EU 22%, Russia 19%, Turkey 12%, US 12% (1999) France 46.1%, Australia 9.5%, Singapore 9.3%, New Zealand 4.3% (2003)
Independence 9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union) none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014
Industrial production growth rate -0.3% (1998 est.) -0.6% (1996)
Industries steel, aircraft, machine tools, electric locomotives, trucks, tractors, textiles, shoes, chemicals, wood products, wine nickel mining and smelting
Infant mortality rate 52.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 7.89 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.59 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.1% (2000 est.) -0.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation BSEC, CCC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO FZ, ICFTU, PIF (observer), UPU, WFTU, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) -
Irrigated land 4,000 sq km (1993 est.) 160 sq km (1991)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the president's recommendation); Constitutional Court Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
Labor force 3.08 million (1997) 79,400 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)
Labor force - by occupation industry 20%, agriculture 40%, services 40% (1999 est.) agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries total:
1,461 km

border countries:
Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
25%

forests and woodland:
34%

other:
28% (1993 est.)
arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (2001)
Languages Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7%

note:
Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Legal system based on civil law system the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law
Legislative branch unicameral Supreme Council (commonly referred to as Parliament) or Umaghiesi Sabcho (235 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 31 October and 14 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - CUG 41.85%, AGUR 25.65%, IWSG 7.8%, all other parties received less than 7% each; seats by party - CUG 130, AGUR 58, IWSG 15, Abkhaz deputies 12, independents 17, other 3
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UE 7, FN 4, others 3


note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007; between now and 2010 New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
64.57 years

male:
61.04 years

female:
68.28 years (2001 est.)
total population: 73.78 years


male: 70.82 years


female: 76.89 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
100%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
Location Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Commonwealth of Independent States Oceania
Maritime claims NA territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
37 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 131,316 GRT/190,289 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 3, cargo 25, chemical tanker 2, container 2, petroleum tanker 4, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


by type: cargo 1


foreign-owned: Malaysia 1


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note a CIS peacekeeping force consisting of Russian troops is deployed in the Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observer group; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force and Air Defense Forces, National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops) no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY00) NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.59% (FY00) NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,296,199 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,024,574 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
41,561 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 is the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun:
Georgian(s)

adjective:
Georgian
noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
Natural hazards earthquakes cyclones, most frequent from November to March
Natural resources forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper
Net migration rate -2.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 370 km; refined products 300 km; natural gas 440 km (1992) -
Political parties and leaders Citizen's Union of Georgia or CUG [Eduard SHEVARDNADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE, chairman]; Industry Will Save Georgia or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Irina SARISHVILI-CHANTURIA]; Socialist Party or SPG [Temur GAMTSEMLIDZE]; Union for "Revival" Party or AGUR [Alsan ABASHIDZE]; United Republican Party or URP [Nodar NATADZE, chairman] Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caleonian Union or UC [leader NA]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
Political pressure groups and leaders Georgian refugees from Abkhazia (Abkhaz faction in Georgian Parliament); separatist elements in the breakaway region of Abkhazia; supporters of the late ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDYA remain a source of opposition NA
Population 4,989,285 (July 2001 est.) 213,679 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (1999 est.) NA
Population growth rate -0.59% (2001 est.) 1.33% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Bat'umi, P'ot'i, Sokhumi Mueo, Noumea, Thio
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 3.02 million (1997) -
Railways total:
1,583 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines

broad gauge:
1,583 km 1.520-m gauge (1993)
-
Religions Georgian Orthodox 65%, Muslim 11%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Armenian Apostolic 8%, unknown 6% Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.63 male(s)/female

total population:
0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
local - T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi have cellular telephone networks; urban telephone density is about 20 per 100 people; rural telephone density is about 4 per 100 people; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi; nationwide pager service is available

international:
Georgia and Russia are working on a fiber-optic line between P'ot'i and Sochi (Russia); present international service is available by microwave, landline, and satellite through the Moscow switch; international electronic mail and telex service are available
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 620,000 (1997) 52,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 30,000 (1997) 80,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 12 (plus repeaters) (1998) 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland coastal plains with interior mountains
Total fertility rate 1.45 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 14.9% (1999 est.) 19% (1996)
Waterways none -
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